Beta-amylase and glucose oxidase are the enzymes commonly used in the bakery industry to improve dough structure and texture.
Beta-amylase is an enzyme that breaks down starch molecules into maltose, a disaccharide composed of two glucose molecules. Maltose can then be fermented by yeast to produce carbon dioxide gas which is essential for dough expansion and helps to create a light and airy texture in baked goods. Beta-amylase can improve the fermentation and rising properties of dough, resulting in better volume and texture in baked goods.
Glucose oxidase, like beta-amylase, is an enzyme that catalyzes glucose oxidation into gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide. The hydrogen peroxide produced can act as a natural dough conditioner, improving the strength and elasticity of the dough by strengthening the gluten network. This can help to improve the dough’s overall structure, resulting in better volume, texture, and crumb structure in baked goods.
When used together, beta-amylase and glucose oxidase can enhance the dough’s mixing and fermentation properties, resulting in better structure, volume, and texture. The specific dosage and application of these enzymes may vary depending on the type of flour, dough recipe, and processing conditions. Therefore, it’s crucial to use enzymes in a controlled and precise manner to avoid over-treatment or under-treatment, which can lead to undesirable effects on dough structure and texture.
It’s also worth noting that these enzymes are often accompanied by other dough conditioners such as ascorbic acid, emulsifiers, and other enzymes like lipase or xylanase, depending on the specific application and desired results. By combining different dough conditioners, bakers can achieve the desired dough structure and texture for different baked goods.
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