Raw Material | Type of Degradation | Reason for Degradation | Methodology | Responsible Material/Content | Legislation/Regulation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bitter Almonds | Cyanogenetic Glycosides → Hydrogen Cyanide | Enzymatic hydrolysis of amygdalin in the presence of water releases hydrogen cyanide. | Not specified in detail | Hydrogen cyanide | EU Directive 88/388/EEC; EFSA guidelines on cyanide limits in food and beverages. |
Brassicaceae Family | Glucosinolates → Isothiocyanates | Enzymatic hydrolysis of glucosinolates produces potentially toxic isothiocyanates. | Not specified in detail | Isothiocyanates | No specific regulation mentioned; toxicity concerns due to goitrogenic potential. |
Nitrate Accumulation | Nitrate → Nitrite → Nitrosamines | Accumulation of nitrate in plants, which can be converted to toxic nitrite and nitrosamines under certain conditions. | Not specified in detail; typically involves analysis of nitrate and nitrite levels. | Nitrite; Nitrosamines | Concerns addressed by various health agencies; regulations on nitrate levels in food and drinking water. |
Sweet Clover | Enzymatic transformation of coumarin to dicoumarol | Mould activity in dried sweet clover converts coumarin to dicoumarol, a potent anticoagulant. | Not specified in detail; involves analysis of coumarin and dicoumarol levels. | Dicoumarol | General warnings about sweet clover and dicoumarol toxicity; specific cases regulated locally based on health risks. |
Notes:
These examples illustrate the importance of quality control and regulatory oversight in ensuring the safety of herbal and plant-derived products for human consumption.
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