Summarizing the degradation products with potential toxicity

Summarizing the degradation products with potential toxicity – Herbal Formulation

Raw Material Type of Degradation Reason for Degradation Methodology Responsible Material/Content Legislation/Regulation
Bitter Almonds Cyanogenetic Glycosides → Hydrogen Cyanide Enzymatic hydrolysis of amygdalin in the presence of water releases hydrogen cyanide. Not specified in detail Hydrogen cyanide EU Directive 88/388/EEC; EFSA guidelines on cyanide limits in food and beverages.
Brassicaceae Family Glucosinolates → Isothiocyanates Enzymatic hydrolysis of glucosinolates produces potentially toxic isothiocyanates. Not specified in detail Isothiocyanates No specific regulation mentioned; toxicity concerns due to goitrogenic potential.
Nitrate Accumulation Nitrate → Nitrite → Nitrosamines Accumulation of nitrate in plants, which can be converted to toxic nitrite and nitrosamines under certain conditions. Not specified in detail; typically involves analysis of nitrate and nitrite levels. Nitrite; Nitrosamines Concerns addressed by various health agencies; regulations on nitrate levels in food and drinking water.
Sweet Clover Enzymatic transformation of coumarin to dicoumarol Mould activity in dried sweet clover converts coumarin to dicoumarol, a potent anticoagulant. Not specified in detail; involves analysis of coumarin and dicoumarol levels. Dicoumarol General warnings about sweet clover and dicoumarol toxicity; specific cases regulated locally based on health risks.


Notes:
 

  • Raw Material: Plant or plant family susceptible to degradation. 
  • Type of Degradation: Process by which the degradation product is formed. 
  • Reason for Degradation: Underlying biochemical or environmental conditions leading to degradation. 
  • Methodology: Analytical techniques typically used for detecting or quantifying the degradation product. 
  • Responsible Material/Content: Specific toxic compound formed as a result of degradation. 
  • Legislation/Regulation: Relevant regulations or guidelines governing the presence of toxic compounds in food and beverages. 

These examples illustrate the importance of quality control and regulatory oversight in ensuring the safety of herbal and plant-derived products for human consumption. 

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