Probiotic formulations have been a popular dietary supplement option for years, but achieving an effective product requires addressing specific challenges. One of the key criteria for success is optimizing the viability of probiotic cells within the formulation. Common probiotic products include liquid or semisolid forms, such as fermented milk, sachets, chewing gum, and capsules. However, the activity and stability of probiotics are influenced by several factors, including pH, storage temperature, oxygen exposure, humidity, hydrogen peroxide, and evaporation.

The Role of Probiotics and Prebiotics in Decolonizing Pathogenic Bacteria: Evidence-Based Insights

Interesting News . Jan 02, 2025

Probiotic Formulation Challenges

Probiotic formulations have been a popular dietary supplement option for years, but achieving an effective product requires addressing specific challenges. One of the key criteria for success is optimizing the viability of probiotic cells within the formulation. Common probiotic products include liquid or semisolid forms, such as fermented milk, sachets, chewing gum, and capsules. However, the activity and stability of probiotics are influenced by several factors, including pH, storage temperature, oxygen exposure, humidity, hydrogen peroxide, and evaporation.

A 2024 systematic review and meta-analysis published in Gut Microbes by Rahman and co-authors assessed the efficacy of probiotics and prebiotics in decolonizing AMR pathogens in human and animal studies. Here’s a summary of the findings and their implications for product development in the nutraceutical and functional food sectors.

Risk Reduction with fermented dairy foods

Temperature Sensitivity

Temperature plays a critical role in probiotic viability. Bacterial strains become inactive at low temperatures and may be destroyed at high temperatures. Studies show that the fermentation time to reach the required H+ ion concentration decreases as temperature increases. However, excessive heat can deactivate bacterial enzymes, reducing probiotic efficacy. For instance:


These findings underscore the importance of precise temperature control during fermentation to balance probiotic activity and sensory attributes like taste and aroma.

pH Stability

Probiotics must survive extreme pH conditions to deliver health benefits. The stomach’s acidic environment and bile salts in the small intestine can significantly impact the survival of probiotic strains. Different strains have varying tolerance levels:

  • Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 has its highest survival rate at pH 6.5 and the lowest at pH 4.5.
  • Lactobacillus rhamnosus thrives better at pH 5.0 than at pH 5.8.
Probiotic Survival rates at different pH levels

The ability to endure these conditions is essential to ensure that probiotics remain viable and effective throughout their journey in the gastrointestinal tract.

Technological Interventions

Advanced techniques, such as microencapsulation, are employed to protect probiotics from gastric acidity. This technology encases the probiotic cells, enabling them to survive the stomach’s harsh conditions and release in the intestines where they can confer maximum health benefits.

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How FRL Overcomes Probiotic Formulation Challenges

At Food Research Lab, we specialize in addressing the complexities of probiotic formulation with cutting-edge R&D solutions tailored to ensure stability, efficacy, and consumer satisfaction.

1. Temperature Control Solutions

FRL employs precision-controlled fermentation systems to optimize the growth and activity of probiotic strains. By tailoring fermentation parameters to specific strains, we ensure:

2. pH Tolerance Enhancement

To improve probiotic survival in varying pH conditions, FRL:

3. Custom Formulations

We design custom probiotic products such as fermented beverages, sachets, capsules, and functional foods. Our formulations balance strain viability with sensory qualities, ensuring both efficacy and consumer appeal.

4. Stability Optimization

FRL integrates advanced preservation methods to extend the shelf life of probiotic products. Our solutions include:

5. Comprehensive Testing

We conduct rigorous testing to evaluate:

Partner with FRL for Probiotic Product Excellence

FRL’s expertise in probiotic formulation ensures that manufacturers can overcome the challenges of stability, pH tolerance, and temperature sensitivity. By leveraging innovative technologies and scientific insights, we help create products that meet consumer expectations and deliver proven health benefits. Contact FRL today to develop your next-generation probiotic formulation.